Dr Jonathan Lindenberg asked:


Following the recent ban of hydroquinone in many countries, there has been a wide debate regarding the safety of skin whitening products and their respective ingredients.

So, what’s safe and what’s not in the world of skin whitening?

The following are the findings from a report conducted on behalf of SW+SS Skin Whitening by Dr Jonathan Lindenberg, skincare adviser.

-Hydroquinone. Although Hydroquinone is a very strong inhibitor of melanin production, it has been banned from various countries due to the link found with cancer. It is considered to be an irritant above 4% concentration and can be an unstable ingredient in formulations of cosmetic products.

-Mercury. Highly Toxic. Both an acute and chronic poison. Its carcinogenicity has been well documented.

-Arbutin. It contains the chemical glucosylated hydroquinone. It can be extracted from various types of berries and pears. No studies have been made regarding its toxicity, but there are fears that it can have the same links with cancer found in Hydroquinone.

-Tretinoin. It is a derivative of Vitamin A. It has various uses in dermatology, including skin whitening. It can cause thinning and dryness of the skin. Sensitive skin types can also experience redness, scaling, itching and burning.

-Kojic acid. A byproduct of the fermentation process for making the Japanese alcoholic drink sake. Recent studies in mice have shown that there is evidence on the carcinogenicity of kojic acid, but its yet unproven if the same applies on humans.

-Azelaic acid. Originally used to skin acne, has been found to have skin whitening properties. It can be a skin and eye irritant, but it’s believed that there is no risk to health associated with this ingredient.

-Vitamin C. Various formulations, like L Glutathione, have been found to have positive effects in reducing melanin production in concentrations higher than 5%. Studies have shown that it’s one of the safest whitening products in the market.

-Alpha Hydroxic Acids, like lactic acid and glycolic acid are safe to use under 10% concentration. Concentrations higher than 10% are only to be used by dermatologists and trained cosmetologists.



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Alien asked:


Summer rungs, scars, marks, strange mother marks, skin cancer – unfortunately, unexpected things happen. And, they können also directly on your face, and if they do it, them can do you the opinion are embarrassingly, unattractive, or self-confidently. Often, which troubles you is painfully obviously. But sometimes, you können do not recognize, what develops there, at the lower surface of the right cheek or à ¼ more ber your left nostril. Where do they get from? Why do you have it a goal? What können do you against it do? & lt; br/& gt; Verfärbung & lt; br/& gt; Verfärbung is a kind Fangnetz word on each kind of dark marks, splotches, or Patches on your skin. Hyperpigmentation is used a further term and is exchangeable. Summer rungs as Verfärbung, like Melasma and age marks. & lt; br/& gt; Verfärbung becomes by a à œ bermaà Ÿ at Melanin, the pigment, the skin their color. In some humans, UV light, female hormones, and also age können cells auslösen to the à œ berproduktion Melanin in odd spots. In order to avoid that the creation of more Verfärbung to stop birth control of pills or à begins – strogen replacement pills (if it on it) and with sun protective agent. Bleaching products, alpha hydraulic XY products, Retinoide, microbrasion, chemical schält, and laser therapy können also more easily marks. & lt; br/& gt; Zysti acne & lt; br/& gt; The word & quot; Akne& quot; häufig one uses, as general term for the description of a group of recurring marks. But a few whiteheads à ¼ more ber the chin around your time is completely different thing from a dispersion of Scarlet noduläre marks on your face, neck, shoulders or Rà ¼ cken. Dermatologists designate this zystische, heavy, or noduläre acne, and if you know it out, you, it is not only painful, but deeply embarrassing. & lt; br/& gt; Stress seems an important role plays with the development of zystischer acne. Deep breathing, meditation and other tensions skill play Aktivitäten können help, to prevent. & lt; br/& gt; A Zyste acne begins like a Pickel deeply into the Talgdrà ¼ SE, where more than tallow and bacteria combine, around infected knot. Since this illness (, it is as an illness) is to disfigure and with difficulty treat with Over the Counter product to see important is it a dermatologist, who suggests May, a combination of oral and topischen antibiotics, or even Accutane. This is an oral medicine, unterdrà ¼ ckt tallow production: There Accutane causes heavy Gesichts-und ear deformations in Föten, your skin physician will make, around itself a document necessary, you not a pregnancy während for the treatment with this medicine. & lt; br/& gt; & lt; Br/& gt; Groà Ÿ e pores & lt; br/& gt; Groà Ÿ e pores become into two ways. First is by the Drà ¼ cken itself the aggressive Mitesser and whiteheads, the pore. Second is heavily tallow production. If the Talgdrà ¼ SE produced groà Ÿ e quantities of tallow to extend the pore is in a forced manner around which à is – l-and from there vergröà Ÿ is ert. & lt; br/& gt; Contrary to normal pores, groà Ÿ e pores are visibly fà ¼ r humans around us. They are also easily clogged with tallow and dead skin cells. For the moment there is no product or a treatment to the Verfà ¼ gung, can these close pores up to normal Gröà Ÿ e. The best one to do can do, are debris free to hold pores with grà ¼ ndliche cleaning, Peeling, masks, and professional face treatments – everything will contribute to it, the pores appears somewhat smaller. & lt; br/& gt;

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Dawn Sinclair asked:


Dazzling, radiating, looking juvenile skin begins with clean skin. & lt; br/& gt; A make-up Entferner should an easy cleaning and hands to à – l, enthält no Mineralöl. Look for a make-up Entferner that deeply penetrates skin cells and pores to remove Augen-und Gesichtsschutz make-up as well as the tägliche accumulation of environmental attraction material. You find a face cleaning agent further that wipes removes à ¼ berschà ¼ ssige à – l and dirt, without stripping or drying you looks for your skin… leaving you your skin cleanly, smoothly, softly, and young. Clean skin is importantly fà ¼ r you? Stop washing your face with things, that is worse than dirt. & lt; br/& gt; As soon as your skin is cleanly, further toward the search jà ¼ ngeren and the abolishment of folds. You are ready fà ¼ r toner or the balancer. This is to be refined visibly and the equilibrium of the skin – and should be formulated, around the skin the pH value with light, but hydratisierende cover. This helps to reduce and update pores you your skin, as you tzen hydrate and too schà ¼. Try a plant won humidity complex, those the skin humidity, without tackness – like an invisible sign from humidity to schà ¼ you tzen from the world. & lt; br/& gt; Use your toner/balancer mornings and night, and you should observe the situation Porengröà Ÿ e to appear reduce, before them the eyes. If you contain skin care products, which needs your skin, Blätter, which it is not, the result results. & lt; br/& gt; The nächste step on juvenile, radiating looking skin is a serum for the re-establishment of the seidigen texture of barriers in the humidity of the toners/balancer. This offers Flexibilität and Elastizität fà ¼ to r one jà ¼ ngere you searches. That is nearly like an invisible veil fà ¼ r your face. & lt; br/& gt; They should tighten also the Gefà ¼ hl your skin, as it functions. Serum Revitalisiert cells and places its skin juvenile Elastizität. It closes into the humidity from the hydratisierende toner/balancer. Look for according to a formula from botanischen added, gently on the skin and do not enthält not the hard and schädlicher chemicals found, also in some the most popular & quot; natà ¼ rliche& quot; Products find you in the Geschäften. & lt; br/& gt; Humidity cream and eye cream should be enough, around light and humidity that penetrates deeply. This builds a cushion for humidity between the skin and the Toxine you is täglich suspended. These products should visibly develop hydrate and again. See fà ¼ to r eye cream, tested since optician and enthält Trehalose, those as anti-oxide to the Bekämpfung of the effects of stress and environment the attraction materials, and Kollagen, in order to nähren and restore. & lt; br/& gt; This kind of the formula relieved dark circles and entzà ¼ ndungshemmende Unterstà ¼ tzung for decrease puffiness. With the right eye cream you one should & quot; jà ¼ ngere Sicht& quot; , like it functioned gently to minimize purifies lines, circles, and puffiness and lässt the skin approximately around your eye hydrate and genährt instead of Droopy and yields. Thus you see you getting rid jà ¼ more nger and to folds! & lt; br/& gt; Dried and attractive skin needs comfort as good. Look for a cremiger Liniment to calm à down ¼ more ber those zusätzliches Emollients the skin particularly for shaving, waxes or fà ¼ r the employment in extreme weather conditions. Used after shaving, a product with botanisch won it added becomes the protection of the economic Keratin that electric shavers scratch away. Dried and cracked skin is tzt and genährt geschà ¼ for re-establishment ordnungsgemäà Ÿ the EN skin health and texture. Use it on the face, legs, Hände, Fà ¼ à Ÿ e, elbow and where always you have attractive skin. Look for a lotion, which your skin, which needs them, without all things it not so that calm it down the skin, without stinging fà ¼ r optimal comfort and optimal results. & lt; br/& gt; Drainage of the skin is one of the most important factors during skin aging. Premature aging is also the result of the ernährungsbedingten Mängel, hormone imbalance and stress. & lt; br/& gt; Around to reach really schön, jà ¼, you pay attention looking more nger skin, optimal Unterstà ¼ tzung the health to the inside than good. Perhaps you möchten in your täglichen regiment, natà ¼ rliche Nahrungsergänzungen, in order to guarantee that your Körper has the best and biologically Ernährungs Unterstà ¼ tzung to the Verfà ¼ gung. Why kà ¼ mmern around your skin with best, botanisch won and do ernähren did you add yourselves your Körper with cheap, synthetic and ineffective Nahrungsergänzungsmittel? & lt; br/& gt; Look fà ¼ r of vitamins and minerals as well as phytochemicals form rlichen in one all natà ¼ that your Körper can absorb easily. Antioxidantien are necessary, thus the protection of the cells before free radicals that it can to the fact fà ¼ hren that them on the age prematurely. Plus mà ¼ ssen you give to your Körper the raw materials fà ¼ r the building of hormones fà ¼ r your endokrine system and Drà ¼ sen Unterstà ¼ tzung. & lt; br/& gt; Much time and Mà know maintaining your Körper and its skin the correct way ¼ he, but they receive you also the Strahlungswärme, Glà ¼ henden, jà ¼ looking more nger skin that humans is envied, where always you are! & lt; br/& gt; Remember, & quot; the proofs in the Pudding& quot; – as your skin care is fà ¼ r you? & lt; br/& gt;

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Juliet Cohen asked:


The skin is considered as the most important organ, there it those primarily to layer of the human Körpers, sch